Pneumonia is the infection of the lower respiratory tract characterized by inflammation of air sacs in one or both of the lungs. Air sacs are filled with excess fluid and pus etc. that cause severe breathing and cough problems. The major cause of pneumonia is bacteria, especially Streptococcus pneumoniae and others are viruses, fungi. Nowadays we studied that it is one of the symptoms of coronavirus.
Stages:
- Congestion.
- Red hepatization.
- Grey hepatization.
- Resolution.
Etiology/cause:
- Bacteria includes Streptococcus pneumoniae.
- Viral pneumonia.
- Mycoplasma pneumoniae.
- Fungi.
Major sign and symptoms are:
- Cough.
- Flu.
- Difficulty in breathing.
- Blood in cough.
- Fever.
- Chills.
- Sweating and shivering.
- Chest pain.
- Fatigue.
- Headache.
- Joint and muscle pain.
Complications:
- Bacteremia
- Trouble breathing.
- Fluid buildup.
- Lungs abscess.
Diagnosis:
- Chest x-ray.
- Blood test .
- Chest examination.
- Sputum culture.
- Chest CT scan.
- Bronchoscopy.
Treatment:
- First of all we treat the associated symptoms of pneumonia like flu,cough etc.
- Rest is an important thing to manage pneumonia.
- Oxygen aid.
- Control the fever.
- Painkillers
- Drink plenty of water.
- Antibiotics are used to treat bacterial pneumonia.
- Cough relief medicines.
Prevention:
- Wash your hands regularly.
- Take healthy food.
- Walk in fresh air.
- Get enough sleep.
- Avoid smoking.
- Exercise.
- Avoid exposure to other patients.
- Vaccinations.